放射性物品运输包装容器安全试验简述

李国强; 孙谦; 庄大杰; 王长武; 张建岗; 孙洪超; 张煜航; 王智鹏

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放射性物品运输包装容器安全试验简述
李国强,孙谦,庄大杰,王长武,张建岗,孙洪超,张煜航,王智鹏
中国辐射防护研究院，太原 030006

摘要:

介绍了放射性物品运输安全特点，总结了国内外对放射性物品包装容器的监管要求，详细论述了各项安全验证试验要求。分析了放射性物品运输包装容器在常规运输条件、正常运输条件和运输事故条件下验证试验的各项技术要求，以及试验设置的主要原因，阐述了开展相关试验的具体实践方法和试验装置。放射性物品运输包装容器须试验和评价其适应环境影响，抵御碰撞、火灾、落水等意外事件损伤的能力，并须进行泄漏检测、屏蔽性能检测以评估其屏蔽和密封包容安全性能。目前中国辐射防护研究院已建成符合IAEA SSR-6和我国GB 11806—2019等标准要求的九大类放射性物品包装容器试验装置，能够开展最大150 t级包装容器的设计研究试验、性能验证试验和许可证明试验。

关键词: 放射性物品运输包装容器监管试验

DOI：10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.07.027

分类号:

基金项目:国家自然科学基金(12202414)

Overview of Safety Test for Radioactive Materials Transport Packages

LI Guoqiang, SUN Qian, ZHUANG Dajie, WANG Changwu, ZHANG Jiangang, SUN Hongchao, ZHANG Yuhang, WANG Zhipeng

(China Institute for Radiation Protection, Taiyuan 030006, China)

Abstract:

The characteristics in safe transportation of radioactive materials were introduced, and the regulatory requirements for the packages in China and abroad were summarized. The requirements for various safety verification tests were discussed in detail. Specifically, the technical requirements for verification tests under routine conditions, normal conditions, and accident conditions as well as the main reasons for the test setup were analyzed. The specific practical methods and experimental devices for tests were elaborated. Therefore, radioactive materials transport packages must be tested and evaluated for their ability to adapt to environmental impacts, including the ability to withstand accidental events such as collision, fire and falling. The leakage detection and shielding performance testing should be conducted to evaluate its shielding and sealing safety performance. At present, China Institute for Radiation Protection has built nine categories of radioactive material package testing devices that meet the requirements of IAEA SSR-6 and GB 11806—2019 standards, so that design research tests, performance verification tests, and license certification tests for packages with a maximum capacity of 150 tons can be conducted.

Key words: radioactive materials transport package regulatory test