基于运动生物力学的护膝设计评价

张峻霞; 张子倩; 邵洋洋; 刘泽龙; 高昆

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基于运动生物力学的护膝设计评价
张峻霞^1,2,张子倩^1,2,邵洋洋^1,2,刘泽龙^1,2,高昆^1,2
1.天津科技大学机械工程学院，天津 300222;2.天津科技大学天津市轻工与食品工程机械装备集成设计与在线监控实验室，天津 300222

摘要:

目的旨在探究穿戴三种典型护膝导致的青年人和老年人下肢运动生物力学的变化，为膝关节护具设计提供相关建议。方法利用VICON三维运动捕捉系统、ATMI三维测力台、Pedar-X足底压力测试系统等设备对运动学、动力学和足底压力参数进行采集，根据青年组和老年组实验数据所显示出来的变化趋势总结出三种护膝对不同年龄段人群的影响。结果护膝B和护膝C对两组受试者造成的影响比护膝A更为显著，两组受试者穿戴护膝后膝关节屈曲方向负荷均增大，老年组踝关节和足弓负荷增大，其肢体稳定性也受到影响。结论三种典型护膝对不同年龄段人群造成了不同的影响，护膝设计应当参照所对应的生物力学变化，考虑人群、左右肢差异等因素，综合分析其对膝关节组织和肌肉组织的影响，以提高人机耦合性。

关键词: 运动学动力学足底压力护膝

DOI：10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2020.24.001

分类号:TB472

基金项目:国家自然科学基金委员会面上项目(50975204)

Evaluation of Kneepad Design Based on Sports Biomechanics

ZHANG Jun-xia^1,2, ZHANG Zi-qian^1,2, SHAO Yang-yang^1,2, LIU Ze-long^1,2, GAO Kun^1,2

(1.School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300222, China;2.Tianjin Key Laboratory of Integrated Design and On-line Monitoring for Light Industry & Food Machinery and Equipment, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300222, China)

Abstract:

The work aims to explore the biomechanics changes of lower limb movement in young and old people caused by wearing three typical knee pads, and to provide relevant suggestions for design of kneepads.VICON 3-D motion capture system, ATMI three-dimensional force measuring platform, Peder-X plantar pressure testing system were used to collect kinematics, dynamics and plantar pressure parameters. According to the changing trend of the experimental data of the youth group and the elderly group, the influences of three kinds of kneepad on different age groups were summarized. Kneepad B and kneepad C had more significant impacts on the two groups of subjects than kneepad A. The flexural load of the knee joint increased in both groups after wearing kneepad, while the ankle and arch load increased in the elderly group, and the stability of the limbs was also affected. Three typical kneecaps have different effects on the different ages. Knee design should follow the corresponding biomechanics changes, consider the factors of the difference of crowd, left and right limbs, and comprehensively analyze its influence on the structure of knee joint and muscle in order to improve the coupling performance.

Key words: kinematics dynamics plantar pressure kneepad