| 摘要: |
| 目的 解决水产品冷链物流损耗率高的问题，最大程度地提高水产品在冷链物流全流程中的质量安全。方法 采用危害分析与关键控制点(Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point, HACCP)质量控制体系，详细解释水产品冷链物流的各个环节，并绘制其流程图，结合流程图分析各个环节的潜在危害，并通过潜在失效模式及后果分析(Failure Mode and Effects Analysis, FMEA)定量确定关键控制点，同时制定HACCP计划表。采用PDCA(Plan、Do、Check、Action)和SDCA(Standardization、Do、Check、Action)双循环优化方法分析流程存在的问题，并提出优化措施，绘制优化后水产品冷链物流的流程图。结果 确定水产品养殖捕捞、冷藏加工、冷冻贮存、冷冻运输、冷藏销售5个环节为关键控制点。结论 对关键控制点的潜在危害提出预防措施，并进行流程优化，尤其需要重点关注水产品的养殖捕捞和水产品冷藏销售环节，通过改善全流程的温度控制水平，加强对致病菌污染的监管，有效地防范并控制水产品冷链物流质量风险。 |
| 关键词: 水产品 冷链物流 流程优化 HACCP FMEA |
| DOI：10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2023.09.031 |
| 分类号:S981.9 |
| 基金项目:南通市科技项目(社会民生重点)(MS22021012);国家自然科学基金面上项目(71974052) |
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| Whole Process Optimization of Cold Chain Logistics of Aquatic Product Based on HACCP and FMEA |
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ZHANG Chen-yu1,2, WANG Wei1,2, CHEN Zhi-song3, HUANG Li3,2
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(1.College of Harbour, Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Nanjing 210098, China; 3. School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;2. Nantong Ocean and Coastal Engineering Research Institute, Hohai University, Jiangsu Nantong 226004, China;3. Business School, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China)
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| Abstract: |
| The work aims to solve the problem of high consumption rate of aquatic products in cold chain logistics, and maximize the quality safety of aquatic products in the whole process of cold chain logistics. HACCP quality control system was adopted to explain each link of aquatic product cold chain logistics in detail and draw its flow chart. Combined with the flow chart, the potential hazards of each link were analyzed and the critical control points were determined quantitatively through FMEA and the HACCP plan was formulated. PDCA and SDCA double cycle optimization methods were used to analyze the problems in the process and propose optimization measures, and draw the flow chart of the optimized cold chain logistics of aquatic products. The five links of aquaculture and fishing, cold processing, cold storage, cold transportation and cold sales were determined as the critical control points. Preventive measures against potential hazards are proposed for critical control points and process optimization is carried out. In particular, it is necessary to focus on the aquaculture, fishing and cold sales of aquatic products. By improving the temperature control level of the whole process and strengthening the control of pathogenic bacteria pollution, the quality risk of the aquatic products in cold chain logistics can be controlled effectively. |
| Key words: aquatic product cold chain logistics process optimization Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point Failure Mode and Effects Analysis |
